LAURA H. CYPHERS

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 2022 clinical practice guideline for prescribing opioids for pain.
Source: JAMA Online First

This Viewpoint discusses the importance of ensuring that life-saving medication for opioid use disorder is available to hospitalized persons who are incarcerated.
Source: JAMA Online First

A 70-year-old woman with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and gallstones had 3 days of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography showed a thickened gallbladder wall with intraluminal air adherent to the duodenum and a gallstone in the middle ileum with proximal bowel distension. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?
Source: JAMA Online First

This JAMA Patient Page describes syphilis, its signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
Source: JAMA Online First

Despite numerous advances in perioperative care, surgical site infection (SSI) remains a frequent complication after major abdominal surgery, with gastrointestinal procedures among the highest risk for infection. Besides the increased length of stay and overall costs of care, SSIs are the most common indication for readmission after surgery. Antimicrobial prophylaxis given during the perioperative period is an essential, evidence-based aspect of SSI prevention. The choice of prophylactic regimen in patients undergoing a surgical procedure should include an agent effective against the most likely infecting organisms.
Source: JAMA Online First

This phase 3 randomized clinical trial examines the effect of broad-spectrum perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis on postoperative surgical site infection incidence compared with standard care antibiotics (cefoxitin).
Source: JAMA Online First

Before 2020, annual respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemics tended to begin in October, peak in December, and end by April. But patterns changed after the pandemic began, according to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data collected between 2017 and 2023. No typical winter RSV epidemic occurred during 2020-2021. But the atypical 2021-2022 epidemic began in May and lasted until January, perhaps because of fewer school closures and less masking.
Source: JAMA Online First

Nonpharmacological interventions that reduce nursing home admissions for those living with dementia improve their quality of life slightly more than usual care, according to an analysis of 4 programs that linked patients with dementia and their caregivers with various services.
Source: JAMA Online First

Vilobelimab, marketed as Gohibic, has received Emergency Use Authorization from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms. The drug, an anti-C5a monoclonal antibody that targets an inflammatory pathway believed to be involved in COVID-19 progression, is authorized for use in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 within 48 hours of starting invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, according to the FDA announcement.
Source: JAMA Online First

Parents who were worried about the long-term risks of the COVID-19 vaccine in children were 6% less likely to have vaccinated their children, according to an internet panel survey of 1715 parents with at least 1 child between the ages of 5 and 17 years. In addition, 18% of surveyed parents said they would feel more responsible if their child became sick after COVID-19 vaccination than if they became sick without vaccination. The survey was performed in February and March 2022, when the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant was predominant.
Source: JAMA Online First